Different approaches and effectiveness in orthodontic traction of impacted canines: An integrative systematic review

João Carvalho; Rui Amaral; Ana Sofia Rocha; Teresa Pinho

doi:10.48797/sl.2025.276

Authors

João Carvalho UNIPRO – Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3156-2223
Rui Amaral UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2569-5941
Ana Sofia Rocha UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
Teresa Pinho UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48797/sl.2025.276

Keywords:

cuspid, impacted tooth, traction, orthodontics, orthodontic extrusion

Abstract

Canines have a fundamental role in the dental arch, both aesthetically and functionally. Apart from the third molars, maxillary canines are the most frequently impacted teeth. Orthodontic traction of an impacted canine is one of the most appropriate approaches when there is a good prognosis, in growing patients and without a serious lack of space in the arch. This systematic review aims to describe the different approaches used in orthodontic traction of impacted canines and evaluate their effectiveness. PRISMA guidelines were used to perform a bibliographic search on the referenced platform PubMed. Articles published between 2014 and May 2024 were selected. Nine articles were included, and another five were added by manual search. The most studied methods were the transpalatal arch, the mini-implant, and the cantilever spring, which prove to be quite effective. Aligners, when combined with auxiliary methods, have been demonstrated to be a viable and effective alternative to conventional techniques. However, further research is required. Despite there being no consensus among authors as to which is the most effective method, choosing the correct traction approach through an accurate diagnosis and treatment planning is crucial for the successful orthodontic treatment of impacted canines.

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